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Escape Velocity Formula

v_e = √(2·G·M / r)

What it means

The minimum speed needed to break free from a planet or star's gravity without further propulsion.

Variables

SymbolQuantitySI unit
v_eescape velocitym/s
Ggravitational constantN·m²/kg²
Mmasskg
rradiusm

Worked example

Given G = 6.6740e-11 N·m²/kg², M = 5.9720e+24 kg, r = 6.3710e+6 m, solve for v_e:

v_e = 11185.7 m/s

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